Sustainable operation? Measuring the actual consumption of a hybrid car and determining its consumption curve
Main Article Content
Abstract
Sustainability is one of the most commonly used terms concerning renewable energy, environmental protection and energy management. Without a doubt, understanding its full meaning, it is clear that sustainability is paramount for the quality of life of future generations and for the Earth as a living space. The presented work aims to give an overview of the importance of on-board management in hybrid vehicles as an important tool to increase their contribution to sustainable mobility. Real-world condition measurements were carried out based on the available cognitive features of an average vehicle. Several main consumers were also tested to present their role within cognitive and sustainable mobility. Results show that there is a function between the battery load level and the hybrid vehicle electric power use likeliness. Among the primary but under-addressed concerns today are the uninhibited exploitation of non-renewable energy sources and the avoidance of pollution.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). As soon as the paper is accepted, finally submitted and edited, the paper will appear in the "OnlineFirst" page of the journal, thus from this point no other internet-based publication is necessary.
References
Chehresaz, M. (2013). Modeling and design optimisation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrains. Master’s thesis, University of Waterloo. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. URL.: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144146911.pdf (Downloaded: 21 April 2023)
Da Costa, A., Kim, N., Le Berr, F., Marc, N., Badin, F., Rousseau, A. (2012). Fuel consumption potential of different plug-in hybrid vehicle architectures in the European and American contexts. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 5(1), 159–172. DOI: https://doi.org/ktq5
Eder A., Schütze N., Rijnders A., Riemersma I., Steven H. (2014). Development of a European Utility Factor Curve for OVC-HEVs for WLTP. 2014 November. URL: https://circabc.europa.eu/sd/a/92324676-bd8c-4075-8301-6caf12283beb/Technical%20Report_UF_final.pdf (Downloaded 23 September 2023)
EPA – US Environmental Protection Agency. (2022). Dynamometer Drive Schedules. https://www.epa.gov/vehicle-and-fuel-emissions-testing/dynamometer-drive-schedules, (Downloaded 23 September 2023)
Fuel consumption, electric driving, and CO2 emissions. ICCT White Paper. URL: https://theicct.org/publication/real-world-usage-of-plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicles-fuel-consumption-electric-driving-and-co2-emissions/ (Downloaded 23 September 2023)
Jurchiş, B. M., Burnete, N., Burnete, N. V., & Iclodean, C. D. (2018). Particulate matter emission characteristics for a compression ignition engine fueled with a blend of biodiesel and diesel. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 444, No. 7, p. 072012). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/ktq4
Jurchiş, B. M., Burnete, N., Burnete, N. V., Iclodean, C. D. (2018). Particulate matter emission characteristics for a compression ignition engine fueled with a blend of biodiesel and diesel. Materials Science and Engineering. 444(7), 072012). DOI: https://doi.org/ktq4
Koller, T., Tóth-Nagy, C., Perger, J. (2022). Implementation of vehicle simulation model in a modern dynamometer test environment. Cognitive Sustainability, 1(4), DOI: https://doi.org/gr2bds
Plötz, P., Moll, C., Bieker, G., Mock, P. (2021) Real-world usage of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles - Fuel consumption, electric driving, and CO2 emissions URL: https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/PHEV-FS-EN-sept2020-0.pdf
Wiki Automative Catalog (n.d.). 2019 Volkswagen Passat (B8, facelift 2019) GTE 1.4 TSI (218 Hp) Plug-in Hybrid DSG | Technical specs, data, fuel consumption, Dimensions. URL: https://www.auto-data.net/en/volkswagen-passat-b8-facelift-2019-gte-1.4-tsi-218hp-plug-in-hybrid-dsg-41576 (Downloaded 23 September 2023
Williams, B., Martin, E., Lipman, T., Kammen, D. (2011). Plug-in-hybrid vehicle use, energy consumption, and greenhouse emissions: An analysis of household vehicle placements in Northern California. Energies. 4(3), 435–457. DOI: https://doi.org/d9vv7j
Yang, Y., Jiang, W., Suntharalingam, P. (2014). Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. In: Emadi, A. (ed.): Advanced Electric Drive Vehicles. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, 465–490. DOI: https://doi.org/ktq8
Yao, G., Du, C., Ge, Q., Jiang, H., Wang, Y., Ait-Ahmed, M., Moreau, L. (2019).“Traffic-Condition-Prediction-Based HMA-FIS Energy-Management Strategy for Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicles.” Energies, 12(23), p. 4426. DOI: https://doi.org/kvn5
Zalacko, R., Zöldy, M., Simongáti, G. (2020). Comparative study of two simple marine engine BSFC estimation methods. Brodogradnja. 71(3), 13–25. DOI: https://doi.org/hb7z
Zöldy, M. (2009). Potential future renewable fuel challenges for internal combustion engine. Vehicles and Mobile Machines [In Hungarian: Járművek és Mobilgépek]. 2(4), 397–403.
Zöldy, M. (2019). Improving heavy-duty vehicles' fuel consumption with density and friction modifiers. International Journal of Automotive Technology. 20(5), 971–978. DOI: https://doi.org/f9ws
Zsombok, I., Zöldy, M. (2023). Modelling, Simulation and Validation of Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Consumption. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 20(5). 61–74. DOI: https://doi.org/kv2x